DECONTAMINATION
DECONTAMINATIONS ON SITE
 The
spraying is applied on the decontamination site to the layered material
which is shoveled according to need. The formulation is applied by
spraying the surface of the amassed material. One of the advantages
resulting from the decontamination being performed on secured surfaces
is that it allows for degradation of materials with high content of
undesired substances whose concentration it is possible do decrease to
levels acceptable for dumping
The
biochemical method of degradation was developed in laboratories using
the enzymes, and the whole system of enzymes production and their use
is subject of several patents (one of them USA and one Europatent).
During a two-year period the company has successfully performed several
decontamination works. Permanent component in the company development
strategy is the focus on technology improvement as well as on further
avenues of employability of isolated biosubstances.
In practice we encounter cases of frequently proposed suggestions for
unnecessarily costly measures which could be substituted using
biochemical method or a combination of several methods. In this
approach we see an opportunity for accelerating the eradication of
ecological damage anywhere in the world.
DECONTAMINATION OF GROUND-WATERIn order to
decontaminate the ground-water it is necessary to get acquainted with
the precise mode of its circulation, in particular with the direction
of the ground-water flow, intake or drainage of aquifers, and possibly
also with the mutual interplay of various aquifers. The application is
performed by introducing circulation. A filling pump is built in areas
where the contaminated ground-water flows. The water is then pumped
from the borehole into the container where it is enriched with mixture
of enzymes, and applied using the absorption borehole into the upper
section of the ground-water current in the direction of its
flow. Under the circumstances of higher concentrations
where a phase is present on the water surface it is appropriate to
supplement the technology with a filtration device which accelerates
the degradation and the sanitation work process.
DECONTAMINATION OF SOIL IN SITUTechnological
process of applying the formulation in situ is always adapted to the
local conditions of the particular area and results from the
hydrogeological research conclusions, contaminant characteristics, and
soil and ground-water analysis.
In order to decontaminate mineral environment in situ the substance can
be applied in various ways the choice of which depends on the
contamination depth.
In case of decontamination being performed into depth of approx. 0.50m
the application is carried out on the surface of the contaminated area
provided that the soil is sufficiently permeable.
The absorption drains and dents, absorption boreholes or pressure
injector are used for the application into lower layers of the mineral
setting.
In practice there are known to be localities where it is necessary to
degrade the contaminants in situ under firm surfaces and the above
stated methods are technically unfeasible. For example, this is so in
case of mineral setting beneath the public works, buildings, airport
fields, etc. Under such circumstances a system of subhorizontal or
horizontal equipped boreholes is used for the formulation application.
The boreholes transport the substance by means of perforation into
those areas of the mineral setting where contamination was detected. If
possible, having regard to the character of the reinforced surface, the
application is carried out by means of injection in the drilled
openings. The borehole diameter is 5cm and its depth depends on the
height of the building material (concrete, asphalt) used for the
surface construction.
BIOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION METHOD
Biochemical
degradation method can be classified among biodegradation methods,
which are based on the use of biologically active substances in the
sanitation of mineral environment, ground-water and other materials.
The vast majority of biodegradation processes employ special strain of
bacteria the presence of which in the contaminated environment
eradicates dangerous substances. In practice this degradation process
is caused by enzymes of these bacteria, which percolate through the
semipermeable bacteria membrane into the environment where they break
down into unwanted substances. In order to succeed in the degradation
process it is necessary to create optimal conditions for the bacteria
growth and reproduction. This is an important and undoubtedly justified
method.
When describing the biodegradation methods it is also necessary to
mention experiments which employ certain type of mushrooms. During this
degradation process a mycelium is added into contaminated soil enriched
with an active substrate.
If the degradation carried out with the help of bacterial strains is
caused “only after“ they produce the enzymes, then in the case of
biochemical method our company utilises directly those enzymes which
are non-bacterial and of natural origin. By that we mean that they are
not foreign to the environment to which they are added. These are
enzymes with similar characteristics. Prerequisite of their
effectiveness is an optimal temperature and solution concentration with
respect to the surface on which the enzymes are supposed to be active.
In this process we use aqueous solution of the enzymes and water to
which we add substances that secure sufficient “work” surface for
degradation. This method is particularly designed for use in situ
without the need for transporting the soil onto a decontamination site,
i.e. dump, where the use of other methods would solve the problem only
partially or would not fulfill the expectations concerning quick
sanitation of the environment and expended costs.
DECONTAMINATION AND CLEANING OF REINFORCED SURFACES
 Reinforced
surfaces (workshop floors, assembly canals, production plants, fuel
filling stations, car parks, railroad ties, etc) are most commonly
contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons.
If the customer requires merely the cleaning away of the layer produced
over the time by petroleum substances together with the dust particles
the formulation is applied under such pressure that ensures easy
separation of this layer from the firm surface. This process enables
the achievement of marked reduction of oil impurities and thereby a
significant improvement of work environment conditions.
The decontamination of surfaces is carried out by applying the
formulation in a similar manner, the difference being that in order to
ensure effective degradation it is necessary to secure sufficient
surface moisture. The spraying with the formulation can be reapplied
according to need.
Our company advocates the implementation of preventive measures to the
operators of fuel filling stations especially the newly built ones.
Minor escapes occur around the fuel pumps when fueling up as well as
during the refueling of fuel containers. We recommend the
application of our product on these surfaces. It not only degrades the
oil derivatives on the surface but also beneath the floor where it
seeps in a natural manner through the cracks. From the perspective of
future expenses required for the renovation of the filling station is
this prevention of unignorable importance. It is generally
recognised that when renovating old filling stations it is imperative
to sanitize the mineral environment beneath the objects and often the
ground water as well. The preventive spraying is supposed to prevent
accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons beneath the public works and
objects of the fuel filling station.
By analogy, this system can be extended to cases of firefighters attending a car accident scene and ecological disasters.
There have been positive experiences with the use of biochemical method
in degradations NEL contaminating railroad ties. Portable application
equipment placed on a small service carriage or wagon is used in such
decontamination. With the help of jet system the substance is applied
to the whole width of the railroad ties at speed of 4 km/hr. Usually
there is a higher concentration of petroleum substances in areas where
the rail carriages frequently remain and therefore the jetting is
generally repeated.
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